Explain, briefly, the concept of distance education as viewed by Michael Moore.
Michael Grahame Moore is Professor Emeritus of Education at
Pennsylvania State University. He attained a Maids of Science degree in
economics from the University of London in 1959. Upon graduating he tutored
history and terrain, as well as adult education courses. In 1963, Moore went to
Africa as an education officer to help with one colony’s transition to
independence. During his seven time stay in Africa, he also tutored at the
University of East Africa, and worked in the Adult Education Department. In
1969 Moore began graduate studies at the Explain, briefly, the concept of distance education as viewed by Michael Moore. University of Wisconsin-Madison, where
he worked with Charles Wedemeyer as a exploration adjunct. He entered hisPh.D.
from University of Wisconsin – Madison in 1973. In 1977, after 3 times as an
Assistant Professor atSt. Francis Xavier University in Nova Scotia, he returned
to UK to work in academic and directorial places at the Open University for
eight times. In 1985 he came back to the US and began working as Professor of
Education for Pennsylvania State University in the Department of Learning and
Performance Systems. In the same time, he organized the First Annual Distance
Education Conference in Madison, Wisconsin. In 1986, he established The
American Center for Study of Distance Education, and in 1987, he began editing
and publishing the first distance education journal in the US The American
Journal of Distance Education. In 1988 he organized the first American
exploration council on distance education in the US.
Moore’s (1973, 1983)
proposition of transactional distance broadened the horizon for the field and
opened the way to conceptualizing distance as a variable that changes over time
as an educational session progresses. Explain, briefly, the concept of distance education as viewed by Michael Moore. This inferred that distance in education
is a cerebral construct as well as a geographic bone. In his early studies as
well as after explanations of the proposition of transactional distance Moore
(2013) stated that distance in education, or transactional distance, is a
cerebral construct that depends on three variables (“ macro factors”) of
dialog, structure and autonomy.
“ Dialogue describes the extent to which, in any educational
programme, learner and preceptor are suitable to respond to each other. This is
determined by the content or subject matter which is studied, by the
educational gospel of the preceptor, by the personalities of preceptor and
learner, and by environmental factors, the most important of which is the
medium of communication” (Moore 1983,p. 157). And Structure is a measure of an
educational programme’s responsiveness to learner’s individual requirements. Explain, briefly, the concept of distance education as viewed by Michael Moore. It
expresses the extent to which educational objects, tutoring strategies and
evaluation styles are prepared for, or can be acclimated to the objects,
strategies, and evaluation styles of the learner. In a largely structured
educational programme, the objects and the styles to be used are determined for
the learner and are inflexible. (Moore, 1983p. 157)
Autonomy refers to
the extent to which learners decide on certain factors similar as “ what to
learn, how to learn, and how important to learn.” (Moore 2013, p 68). Moore
posited Explain, briefly, the concept of distance education as viewed by Michael Moore. that adult learners tend to set their own literacy pretensions and
pursue achieving similar pretensions on their own. He set forward two kinds of
autonomy – emotional and necessary-and defined them as follows