Discuss the perception of depth and distance

 Discuss the perception of depth and distance

The  perception of depth and distance Depth perception refers to one’s visual ability to perceive the world in three dimensions and thus enabling us to judge the distance of an object. Whereas, the process by which we determine the distance of an object is known as distance perception. Our brain uses both monocular and binocular cues to judge depth and distance.

Monocular Cues -  are those information or cues that our brain receives from one eye only. These cues are weaker than binocular cues (information that our brain receives from both eyes) in strength. Following are some of the common monocular cues

Relative Size - This cue gives us information about the distance of an object based on its relative size with a similar object. This cue works on both two-dimensional and threedimensional images. The basic premise is that if two objects are of the approximately similar size, then the object which is closer is perceived as larger

Perceptual processes function in the threedimensional organization of stimuli as well as in distance judgments. The processes include use of both monocular and binocular cues.

Monocular cues. Monocular cues, those used when looking at objects with one eye closed, help an individual to form a threedimensional concept of the stimulus object. Such cues include

  • size of the stimulus
  • interposition, when one stimulus blocks the image of another
  • shadows, which indicate distance
  • linear perspective, the convergence of parallel tracks or lines as they recede into the distance
  • texture changes (distinct bricks are seen in a near wall but become a pattern with increased distance)
  • relative motion (motion parallax), used in judging distance (when you are traveling in a car, near objects seen out the window seem to move rapidly, but far ones don't seem to move)

Discuss the perception of depth and distance How do we know that if a car is coming towards us or moving away from us? Movement perception is our ability to judge the direction and speed of a moving object. Psychologists have tried to answer the questions on movement perception using following four factors: Retinal motion: When an object moves its image on retina also moves. This motion of the retinal image is detected by special visual neurons which are sensitive to change in motion and direction. In this way we perceive movement.

Motion after-effect (MAE): If you fixate your gaze on a moving object for some time (few seconds to minutes) and then move your gaze to a stationary object. Discuss the perception of depth and distance , Then the stationary object will be perceived as moving in opposite direction to the original moving object. This phenomenon is known as MAE and occurs due to motion adaption. Induced movement: When a smaller stationary body is surrounded by larger moving body then smaller body is perceived to move in the direction opposite to the larger body. Due to this phenomenon, we perceive moon as moving when it is surrounded by slowly moving clouds.

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