BECE 141 Solved Assignment 2022-23
BECE 141 Solved Assignment 2022-23, BECE 141 Solved Assignment 2022-23, BECE 141
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BECE 141
ECONOMICS OF HEALTH AND EDUCATION
Programme: BAG/2022/2022-23
Course Code: BECE 141
Max. Marks: 100
BECE 141 Solved
Assignment
Answer all
the questions
A. Long
Answer Questions (word limit-500 words) 2 × 20 = 40 marks
1) Derive
the growth equation showing the conditions under which higher growth can be
realised.
In theory, any kind of organism could take over the Earth
just by reproducing. For instance, imagine that we started with a single pair
of male and female rabbits. If these rabbits and their descendants reproduced
at top speed ("like bunnies") for 777 years, without any
deaths, we would have enough rabbits to cover the entire state of Rhode Island^{1,2,3}1,2,3start
superscript, 1, comma, 2, comma, 3, end superscript. And that's not even so
impressive – if we used E. coli bacteria instead, we could start with
just one bacterium and have enough bacteria to cover the Earth with a 111-foot
layer in just 363636 hours^44start superscript, 4, end superscript!
As you've probably noticed, there isn't a 111-foot
layer of bacteria covering the entire Earth (at least, not at my house), nor
have bunnies taken possession of Rhode Island. Why, then, don't we see these
populations getting as big as they theoretically could? E. coli, rabbits,
and all living organisms need specific resources, such as nutrients and
suitable environments, in order to survive and reproduce. These resources
aren’t unlimited, and a population can only reach a size that match the
availability of resources in its local environment.
Population ecologists use a variety of mathematical methods
to model population dynamics (how populations change in size and
composition over time). Some of these models represent growth without
environmental constraints, while others include "ceilings" determined
by limited resources. Mathematical models of populations can be used to
accurately describe changes occurring in a population and, importantly, to
predict future changes.
Modeling population
growth rates
To understand the different models that are used to
represent population dynamics, let's start by looking at a general equation for
the population growth rate (change in number of individuals in a
population over time):
\quad \quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad
\quad\quad\quad\dfrac{dN}{dT} = rNdTdN=rNstart fraction, d, N, divided by, d,
T, end fraction, equals, r, N
In this equation, dN/dTdN/dTd, N, slash, d, T is
the growth rate of the population in a given instant, NNN is
population size, TTT is time, and rrr is the per
capita rate of increase –that is, how quickly the population grows per
individual already in the population. (Check out the differential
calculus topic for more about the dN/dTdN/dTd, N, slash, d, T notation.)
If we assume no movement of individuals into or out of the
population, rrr is just a function of birth and death rates. You can
learn more about the meaning and derivation of the equation here:
Exponential growth
Bacteria grown in the lab provide an excellent example of
exponential growth. In exponential growth, the population’s growth
rate increases over time, in proportion to the size of the population.
Let’s take a look at how this works. Bacteria reproduce by
binary fission (splitting in half), and the time between divisions is about an
hour for many bacterial species. To see how this exponential growth, let's
start by placing 100010001000 bacteria in a flask with an unlimited
supply of nutrients.
·
After 111 hour: Each bacterium will
divide, yielding 200020002000 bacteria (an increase of 100010001000 bacteria).
·
After 222 hours: Each of the 200020002000 bacteria
will divide, producing 400040004000 (an increase of 200020002000 bacteria).
·
After 333 hours: Each of the 400040004000 bacteria
will divide, producing 800080008000 (an increase of 400040004000 bacteria).
2) Analyse
the trend in the public financing of education in India over the period 1980s
to 2010s. B. Medium Answer Questions (word limit-250 words) 3 × 10 = 30 marks
3)
Delineate the four characteristics of healthcare services.
4) Discuss
the method of ‘Impact Evaluation (IE)’ for evaluating the benefits from health
projects.
5) Present
an overview of the early contributors to the concept of ‘human capital’.
C. Short
Answer Questions (word limit 100 words) 2 × 3 × 5 = 30 marks
6)
Differentiate between:
(a)
Healthcare Market and Markets for other Goods.
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(b) Cost
Effective Analysis (CEA) and Cost Utility Analysis (CUA).
(c) Social
Marginal Cost and Social Marginal Benefit.
7) Write
short notes on the following.
(a) Health
Equity.
(b) Linkage
between Health and Education.
(c) Merit
Good.
IGNOU Assignment Status 2022-23
BECE 141 ECONOMICS OF HEALTH AND EDUCATION Solved Assignment
2022-23: Those students who
had successfully submitted their Assignments to their allocated study centres
can now check their Assignment Status. Alongside assignment status, they will
also checkout their assignment marks & result. All this is often available
in a web mode. After submitting the assignment, you'll check you IGNOU
Assignment Status only after 3-4 weeks. it'd take 40 days to declare.
BECE 141 Solved
Assignment 2022-23: Those students who had
successfully submitted their Assignments to their allocated study centres can
now check their Assignment Status. Along with assignment status, they can also
checkout their assignment marks & result. BECE 141 Solved
Assignment 2022-23 All this is available in an online mode. After
submitting the assignment, you can check you IGNOU Assignment Status only after
3-4 weeks. It might take 40 days to declare.
BECE 141 Solved
Assignment 2022-23 Here the students can check their IGNOU Assignment
Status, marks, result or both the sessions i.e; June & December.
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