MPS 002 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: THEORY AND PROBLEMS Solved Assignment 2022-23

MPS 002 Solved Assignment 2022-23, MPS 002 Solved Assignment 2022-23 , MPS 002 Assignment 2022 , FREE MPS 002 Assignment , IGNOU Assignments 2022-23- Gandhi National Open University had recently uploaded the assignments of this session for MASTER’S DEGREE PROGRAMME IN POLITICAL SCIENCE (MPS) for the year 2022-23. Students are recommended to download their Assignments from this webpage itself. MPS 002 Solved Assignment 2022-23 They don’t need to go anywhere else when everything regarding the Assignments are available during this text only.

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MPS 002 Solved Assignment 2022-23

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: THEORY AND PROBLEMS (MPS-002) TUTOR MARKED ASSIGNMENT

Course Code: MPS-002

Assignment Code: Asst/TMA/2022-23

Marks: 100

Answer five questions in all, selecting at least two questions from each section. Each question is to be answered in about 500 words. Each question carries 20 marks.

SECTION- I

1. Explain the role of UN in the current world order.

 Seventy years ago the world witnessed the conclusion of two months of intense multilateral diplomacy, with the signing of the Charter of the United Nations. In one of the defining acts of the twentieth century, representatives of 50 countries endorsed the formation of an international organization created in the hopes of preserving peace and building a better world for all. Encapsulated in the opening words of the Preamble of the Charter, “We the peoples…” is a promise to humanity that the United Nations and its Member States have strived to uphold for the last seven decades. As we mark this important anniversary of the founding of the United Nations, we should take a moment to reflect on all that has been accomplished, and the work that is ahead of us. Certainly, the United Nations has strived and continues to strive for humanity’s progress and well-being. The work of the United Nations impacts people around the world on issues related to peace and security, development and human rights; from disarmament to efforts to combat terrorism and extremism; from conflict prevention to peacekeeping and peacebuilding; from disease prevention to the promotion of gender equality and universal education; from refugee resettlement to humanitarian assistance; from the rule of law to the fight against transnational crime.

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Yet, given the fundamental ways in which the world has changed over the last seven decades, there is a clear need to reform the United Nations and its principal organs. One needs to look no further than the exponential growth of the membership of the Organization; from 50 countries in 1945 to 193 countries today. The United Nations needs to transform itself in line with current geopolitical realities to maintain its relevance and improve its effectiveness. The General Assembly needs to be revitalized. The Security Council needs to be reformed. And the Economic and Social Council needs to be reinvigorated. Furthermore, the relationship between the General Assembly and the Security Council needs to be strengthened. As we celebrate the 70th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations, we have an unprecedented opportunity to improve the everyday lives of people around the world, by putting “people at the centre of all we do”. In a year when the world’s attention is focused on the future, three important processes are underway that will seek to improve the daily lives of people around the world.

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The adoption of an ambitious and transformative post-2015 development agenda, the Third International Conference on Financing for Development in Addis Ababa in July 2015 and the agreement on a new universal and legally binding climate change agreement this December in Paris will be monumental milestones towards improving the livelihoods of people around the world. As we celebrate this important anniversary and reflect on the role of the United Nations, we should feel heartened by all that has been achieved. From supporting the major decolonization efforts across Africa and Asia to providing a critical platform for discourse throughout the cold war; from eradicating extreme poverty and hunger to addressing the pressing challenge of climate change; the United Nations has been at the forefront of efforts to ensure a secure, prosperous and equitable world. As we mark 70 years of existence, we have every reason to celebrate all that our community of nations has achieved. In doing so, we should also look to the future and strive to transform the United Nations to ensure that it remains effective and relevant in a dynamic and globalized new world.

2. Define international terrorism. How does patriotism become the epicenter of terrorism?

 International terrorism refers to terrorism that goes beyond national boundaries in terms of the methods used, the people that are targeted or the places from which the terrorists operate.

Terrorist groups in Syria and Iraq, including Al Qaeda and the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), possess both the intention and the capability to direct attacks against the West. The UK is a high-priority target for Islamist extremists and they pose a significant threat to our country and to our interests and citizens abroad. Despite the current main focus on terrorism originating from Syria and Iraq, the threat of terrorism also emanates from other parts of the Middle East and regions such as North, East and West Africa, South and South East Asia.

The majority of terrorist attack plots in this country have been planned by British residents. There are several thousand individuals in the UK who support violent extremism or are engaged in Islamist extremist activity. Some British nationals travel overseas to train with extremist groups and return to the UK with the view to plan attacks, but increasingly the terrorist threat from within the UK emanates from individuals radicalised by individuals and material online. Once radicalised, an individual might decide to conduct an attack in the name of Islam without any prior signs of radicalisation. Simple, self-organised attacks by UK-based Islamist extremists have increased and are inherently harder to detect than more complex and ambitious plots.

The 2022 Global Terrorism Index (GTI) reveals that despite an increase in attacks, the impact of terrorism continues to decline. In 2021, deaths from terrorism fell by 1.2% to 7,142, while attacks rose by 17%, highlighting that terrorism is becoming less lethal. Two thirds of countries recorded no attacks or deaths from terrorism – the best result since 2007 – while 86 countries recorded an improvement on their GTI score. The number of deaths has remained approximately the same for the last four years.

The Index highlights that terrorism remains a serious threat, with Sub-Saharan Africa accounting for 48% of total global deaths from terrorism. Four of the ten countries with the largest increases in deaths from terrorism were also in sub-Saharan Africa: Niger, Mali, the DRC and Burkina Faso.

Following military defeats in Syria and Iraq, IS shifted its attention to the Sahel, with deaths from terrorism rising ten times in the region since 2007. The Sahel has become the new epicentre of terrorism. Terrorism in the region is compounded by high population growth, lack of adequate water and food, climate change and weak governments. Adding to the complexity, many criminal organisations are representing themselves as Islamic insurgencies.

The annual Global Terrorism Index, now in its ninth year, is developed by leading international think tank the Institute of Economics and Peace (IEP) and provides the most comprehensive resource on global terrorism trends. The GTI uses a number of factors to calculate its score, including the number of incidences, fatalities, injuries and hostages, and combines it with conflict and socio-economic data to provide a holistic picture of terrorism.

The Index shows that terrorism is becoming increasingly concentrated, contracting into countries already suffering from violent conflict. Conflict zones accounted for 97% of all deaths. The ten countries most affected by terrorism are all in conflict zones. Only 44 countries recorded a death from terrorism in 2021, compared to 55 countries in 2015.

The largest increase in terrorism was in Myanmar, where deaths rose 23 times from 24 to 521, followed by Niger, where deaths doubled, increasing from 257 in 2020 to 588 in 2021. Mozambique had the largest drop in terrorism deaths, falling by 82% to 93. The success was largely driven by counter-insurgency operations against IS by Mozambican forces, with support from Rwanda and the Southern African Development Community.

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3. Do you think the world is unipolar, bipolar or multipolar? Explain with example.

4. What is ethnicity? Explain the reasons of ethnic wars.

5. Migration has become an international issue. Explain the reasons of refugee issues in the world.

SECTION- II

Write a short note on each part of the following questions in about 250 words.

6. a) Realist Theory

b) Democratic peace theory

7. a) The role of International Monetary Fund (IMF)

b) Issues of Human Rights

8. a) Nuclear threats

b) East –West divide

9. a) Marxist approach to International Relations

b) Neo-liberal theory of IR

10. a) Define basic features of South Asia

b) Indigenous Movements

IGNOU MPS Guidelines 2022-23

Dear learner,

As explained in the Programme Guide, you will have to do a Tutor Marked Assignment for each course in Political Science. This booklet contains the assignments of the first year courses of the Masters Programme in Political Science.

You need to submit all the assignments within the stipulated time for being eligible to appear in the term-end examination. Before you attempt the assignments, please read the instructions carefully provided in the Programme Guide.

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It is important that you write the answers in your own words. Your answers should be within the approximate range of the word-limit set for a particular section. Remember, writing answers to assignment questions will improve your writing skills and prepare you for the term-end examination.

All assignments, including these, have to be submitted to the Coordinator of your Study Centre. Remember to obtain a receipt from the Study Centre for the assignments submitted and retain it. If possible, keep a Xerox copy of the assignments with you.

The Study Centre will have to return the assignments to you after they are evaluated. Please insist on this. The Study Centre will note down the marked awarded for each assignment and forward them to the Student Evaluation Division (SED) at IGNOU, New Delhi.

IGNOU Last Date for July 2022 Session and For January 2023 Session

 

Submission:

The completed assignments should be submitted as per the following schedule

For July 2022 Session - March 31, 2023

For January 2023 Session - September 30, 2023

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IGNOU Assignment Status 2022-23

MPS 002 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: THEORY AND PROBLEMS Solved Assignment 2022-23: Those students who had successfully submitted their Assignments to their allocated study centres can now check their Assignment Status. Alongside assignment status, they will also checkout their assignment marks & result. All this is often available in a web mode. After submitting the assignment, you'll check you IGNOU Assignment Status only after 3-4 weeks. it'd take 40 days to declare.

Those students who had successfully submitted their Assignments to their allocated study centres can now check their Assignment Status. Along with assignment status, they can also checkout their assignment marks & result. MPS 002 Solved Assignment 2022-23 All this is available in an online mode. After submitting the assignment, you can check you IGNOU Assignment Status only after 3-4 weeks. It might take 40 days to declare.

MPS 002  Solved Assignment 2022-23 Here the students can check their IGNOU Assignment Status, marks, result or both the sessions i.e; June & December.

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