Discuss the state and district administration during British period

During the British period, the district administration was a crucial aspect of the colonial governance system in India. The district administration was headed by a District Collector, who was appointed by the British government and was responsible for overseeing the administration of the entire district.

The District Collector was responsible for maintaining law and order, collecting revenue, and implementing various government policies. The Collector was also responsible for the supervision of subordinate officials such as Tehsildars, Deputy Collectors, and Sub-Collectors, who were responsible for various administrative functions within the district.

Discuss the state and district administration during British period

One of the primary functions of the District Collector was revenue collection. The British introduced a system of revenue collection known as the Zamindari system, which involved the appointment of intermediaries, called Zamindars, who were responsible for collecting revenue from the peasants and paying it to the government. The District Collector had the responsibility to supervise the work of these intermediaries and to ensure that the revenue was collected efficiently.

The District Collector was also responsible for maintaining law and order within the district. They were responsible for the supervision of the police force and had the power to call in the military in case of any disturbances. The Collector also had judicial powers and was responsible for the administration of justice within the district.

In addition to revenue collection and law and order, the District Collector was also responsible for the implementation of various government policies. They were responsible for the distribution of relief during famines, the implementation of agricultural policies, and the provision of basic services such as education and healthcare.

Overall, the district administration during the British period was characterized by a high degree of centralization and control by the British officials. While some institutions and practices introduced during this period continue to influence the administrative system in India, there were also significant limitations and negative consequences of this system, including the exploitation of Indian resources, the suppression of Indian culture and traditions, and the marginalization of the Indian people from the decision-making process.

During the British period in India, the administration was primarily divided into two tiers- the central government and the local government. The central government was headed by the Governor-General or Viceroy of India and was responsible for making policies and taking major decisions related to the entire country. On the other hand, the local government was responsible for managing the day-to-day affairs of the people in their respective areas.


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At the district level, the administration was headed by a District Collector, who was responsible for maintaining law and order, collecting revenue, and implementing various government policies. The Collector was assisted by a number of officials, such as Tehsildars, Deputy Collectors, and Sub-Collectors, who were responsible for various administrative functions.

The British introduced a system of revenue collection known as the Zamindari system, which involved the appointment of intermediaries, called Zamindars, who were responsible for collecting revenue from the peasants and paying it to the government. The Zamindars were granted certain privileges, such as the right to collect rent from the peasants and to exercise judicial powers within their respective areas.

The British also introduced the system of local self-government, which gave some degree of autonomy to the local bodies such as the Municipalities and Panchayats. However, the powers of these bodies were limited, and the ultimate control remained with the British officials.

The British period also witnessed the development of modern administrative institutions such as the Indian Civil Service (ICS) and the police force. The ICS was responsible for the management of the entire administration, and the police force was responsible for maintaining law and order. However, these institutions were mainly dominated by the British, and the Indian officials were given only subordinate roles.

 

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Overall, the British period witnessed the development of a centralized and bureaucratic administrative system, which was characterized by a high degree of centralization and control by the British officials. While some institutions and practices introduced during this period continue to influence the administrative system in India, there were also significant limitations and negative consequences of this system, including the exploitation of Indian resources, the suppression of Indian culture and traditions, and the marginalization of the Indian people from the decision-making process.

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