The Indian Constitution is a comprehensive and elaborate legal document that lays down the fundamental principles, structures, and functions of the Indian government. It was adopted on 26th January 1950 and is considered one of the most complex constitutions in the world. Here are some essential features of the Indian Constitution:
Lengthy and
detailed: The Indian Constitution is one of the longest constitutions in the
world, containing 448 articles, 12 schedules, and numerous amendments. It
covers almost every aspect of governance, from fundamental rights and duties of
citizens to the functioning of the judiciary, legislature, and executive.
Explain the essential
features of the Indian Constitution
Federal system:
The Indian Constitution establishes a federal system of government, where
powers are divided between the central government and the state governments. It
provides for a bicameral legislature, with a Rajya Sabha (Council of States)
representing the states and a Lok Sabha (House of the People) representing the
people.
Fundamental
rights: The Indian Constitution guarantees fundamental rights to all citizens,
including the right to equality, freedom of speech and expression, and freedom
of religion. These rights are enforceable by the courts, and any violation of
them can be challenged.
Directive
principles of state policy: The Constitution also contains a set of guidelines
known as the Directive Principles of State Policy, which are not enforceable by
the courts but are meant to guide the government in policymaking. These
principles include promoting social justice, protecting the environment, and
ensuring economic development.
Independent
judiciary: The Constitution establishes an independent judiciary, with the
Supreme Court as the highest court in the land. The judiciary has the power to
interpret the Constitution and strike down any laws that violate its
provisions.
Secularism: The
Indian Constitution declares India to be a secular country, with no official
state religion. It guarantees the right to freedom of religion and prohibits
discrimination on the basis of religion.
Amendments: The
Constitution can be amended by a special procedure that requires the approval
of two-thirds of both houses of parliament and a majority of state
legislatures. This procedure ensures that the Constitution remains a living
document that can adapt to changing circumstances.
These are some
of the essential features of the Indian Constitution, which provide the
framework for India's governance and ensure that the country remains a
democratic and inclusive society.
The Indian
Constitution is a comprehensive and elaborate legal document that provides the
framework for the governance of the Indian Republic. Here are some of the
essential features of the Indian Constitution:
Lengthy and
detailed: The Indian Constitution is one of the longest constitutions in the
world, containing 448 articles, 12 schedules, and numerous amendments. It
covers almost every aspect of governance, from fundamental rights and duties of
citizens to the functioning of the judiciary, legislature, and executive.
Federal system:
The Indian Constitution establishes a federal system of government, where
powers are divided between the central government and the state governments. It
provides for a bicameral legislature, with a Rajya Sabha (Council of States)
representing the states and a Lok Sabha (House of the People) representing the
people.
Fundamental
rights: The Indian Constitution guarantees fundamental rights to all citizens,
including the right to equality, freedom of speech and expression, and freedom
of religion. These rights are enforceable by the courts, and any violation of
them can be challenged.
Directive
principles of state policy: The Constitution also contains a set of guidelines
known as the Directive Principles of State Policy, which are not enforceable by
the courts but are meant to guide the government in policymaking. These
principles include promoting social justice, protecting the environment, and
ensuring economic development.
Independent
judiciary: The Constitution establishes an independent judiciary, with the
Supreme Court as the highest court in the land. The judiciary has the power to
interpret the Constitution and strike down any laws that violate its
provisions.
Secularism: The
Indian Constitution declares India to be a secular country, with no official
state religion. It guarantees the right to freedom of religion and prohibits
discrimination on the basis of religion.
Amendments: The
Constitution can be amended by a special procedure that requires the approval
of two-thirds of both houses of parliament and a majority of state
legislatures. This procedure ensures that the Constitution remains a living
document that can adapt to changing circumstances.
Parliamentary
system: The Indian Constitution provides for a parliamentary system of
government, where the executive is accountable to the legislature. The Prime
Minister and the Council of Ministers are responsible for running the
government, and they are collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha.
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Universal adult
franchise: The Indian Constitution provides for universal adult suffrage, where
all citizens who are 18 years of age or older have the right to vote in
elections.
Single
citizenship: Unlike many other federations, the Indian Constitution provides
for a single citizenship, which is conferred on all citizens regardless of the
state they belong to.
These are some
of the essential features of the Indian Constitution, which provide the
framework for India's governance and ensure that the country remains a
democratic and inclusive society.