MEG 01 BRITISH POETRY Solved Assignment 2022-23
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MEG 01 Solved Assignment 2022-23
MASTER’S
DEGREE IN ENGLISH (MEG-1)
BRITISH
POETRY
ASSIGNMENT
(Based on Blocks (1 - 10)
Course Code: MEG 01
Assignment Code: MEG-01/TMA/2022-23
Max. Marks: 100
Note:
Attempt any five questions
1. Explain
any two of the excerpts of poems given below with reference to their context:
(i) But
hail thou Goddes, sage and holy, Hail divinest Melancholy, Whose Saintly visage
is too bright To hit the Sense of human sight; And therefore to our weaker
view, Ore laid with black staid wisdoms hue.
John Milton’s career as a writer of prose and poetry spans
three distinct eras: Stuart England; the Civil War (1642-1648) and Interregnum,
including the Commonwealth (1649-1653) and Protectorate (1654-1660); and the
Restoration. Milton’s chief polemical prose was written in the decades of the
1640s and 1650s, during the strife between the Church of England and various
reformist groups such as the Puritans and between the monarch and Parliament.
Designated the antiepiscopal or antiprelatical tracts and the antimonarchical
or political tracts, these works advocate a freedom of conscience and a high
degree of civil liberty for humankind against the various forms of tyranny and
oppression, both ecclesiastical and governmental. In line with his libertarian
outlook, Milton wrote Areopagitica (1644), often cited as one of the
most compelling arguments on the freedom of the press. In March 1649 Milton was
appointed secretary for foreign tongues to the Council of State. His service to
the government, chiefly in the field of foreign policy, is documented by
official correspondence, the Letters of State, first published in 1694.
Milton vigorously defended Cromwell’s government in Eikonoklastes (1649),
or Imagebreaker, which was a personal attack on Charles I likening him to William
Shakespeare‘s duke of Gloucester (afterward Richard III), a consummate
hypocrite. Up to the Restoration, Milton continued to write in defense of the
Protectorate despite going blind by 1652. After Charles II was crowned, Milton
was dismissed from governmental service, apprehended, and imprisoned. Payment
of fines and the intercession of friends and family, including Andrew
Marvell, Sir William Davenant, and perhaps Christopher Milton, his younger
brother and a Royalist lawyer, brought about Milton’s release. In the troubled
period at and after the Restoration he was forced to depart his home which he
had occupied for eight years in Petty-France, Westminster. He took up residence
elsewhere, including the house of a friend in Bartholomew Close; eventually, he
settled in a home at Artillery Walk toward Bunhill Fields. On or about 8
November 1674, when he was almost sixty-six years old, Milton died of
complications from gout.
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While Milton’s impact as a prose writer was profound, of equal or greater importance is his poetry. He referred to his prose works as the achievements of his “left hand.” Like the illustrious literary forebears with whom he invites comparison, Milton used his poetry to address issues of religion and politics, the central concerns also of his prose. Placing himself in a line of poets whose art was an outlet for their public voice and using, like them, the pastoral poem to present an outlook on politics, Milton aimed to promote an enlightened commonwealth, not unlike the polis of Greek antiquity or the cultured city-states in Renaissance Italy. In 1645 he published his first volume of poetry, Poems of Mr. John Milton , Both English and Latin, much of which was written before he was twenty years old. The volume manifests a rising poet, one who has planned his emergence and projected his development in numerous ways: mastery of ancient and modern languages—Greek, Latin, Hebrew, Italian; awareness of various traditions in literature; and avowed inclination toward the vocation of poet. The poems in the 1645 edition run the gamut of various genres: psalm paraphrase, sonnet, canzone, masque, pastoral elegy, verse letter, English ode, epigram, obituary poem, companion poem, and occasional verse. Ranging from religious to political in subject matter, serious to mock-serious in tone, and traditional to innovative in the use of verse forms, the poems in this volume disclose a self-conscious author whose maturation is undertaken with certain models in mind, notably Virgil from classical antiquity and Edmund Spenser in the English Renaissance. When one considers that the 1645 volume was published when Milton was approximately thirty-seven years old, though some of the poems were written as early as his fifteenth year, it is evident that he sought to draw attention to his unfolding poetic career despite its interruption by governmental service. Perhaps he also sought to highlight the relationship of his poetry to his prose and to call attention to his aspiration, evident in several works in the 1645 volume, to become an epic poet. Thus, the poems in the volume were composed in Stuart England but published after the onset of the English Civil War. Furthermore, Milton may have begun to compose one or more of his mature works—Paradise Lost, Paradise Regained, and Samson Agonistes—in the 1640s, but they were completed and revised much later and not published until after the Restoration.
This literary genius whose fame and influence are second to none, and on whose
life and works more commentary is written than on any author except
Shakespeare, was born at 6:30 in the morning on 9 December 1608. His parents
were John Milton , Sr., and Sara Jeffrey Milton , and the place of birth was
the family home, marked with the sign of the spread eagle, on Bread Street,
London. Three days later, at the parish church of All Hallows, also on Bread
Street, he was baptized into the Protestant faith of the Church of England.
Other children of John and Sara who survived infancy included Anne, their
oldest child, and Christopher, seven years younger than John. At least three
others died shortly after birth, in infancy or in early childhood. Edward
Phillips, Anne’s son by her first husband, was tutored by Milton and later
wrote a biography of his renowned uncle, which was published in Milton’s Letters
of State (1694). Christopher, in contrast to his older brother on all
counts, became a Roman Catholic, a Royalist, and a lawyer.
(ii) My
love is now awake out of her dreams (s), and her fayre eyes like stars that
dimmed were With darksome cloud, now shew theyr goodly beams More bright then
Hesperus his head doth rere.
(ii) All
human things are subject to decay, And when Fate summons monarchs must obey.
This Fleckonoe found, who, like Augustus, young Was called to Empire and had
governed long;
The quote refers to the fact that no one, not even monarchs,
can stop death when it comes.
The lines can be meant to detail the fact that all of
mankind will, at one time or another, succumb to death ("subject to
decay"). The reference to fate (something unavoidable) details the fact
that death is, naturally, unavoidable.
Dryden also mentions monarchs in the lines. This reference
is important given that they (monarchs) were seen as being the most powerful at
the time of the text's writing. That being said, even monarchs did not have the
power to stop death.
Outside of the human aspect of death, Dryden is also
referring to not only humans, but all "human things." Human things
refer to those items which were created by humans (which means both life,
through birth, and all man-made objects). Therefore, Dryden is basically saying
that all things on earth, created by man, will fall to decay. The only things
which will not fall to decay are those things not created by man.
In addition to the answer above, which admirably explains
the meaning of the lines, I would like to put these lines in a larger context.
As you are undoubtedly aware, John Dryden's great mock-epic satire Mac
Flecknoe: or, a Satire upon the True-Blew-Protestant Poet, T. S. (written
in 1678, published in 1682) was written to counter several attacks on Dryden's
poetic and dramatic skills, as well as his politics, by Thomas Shadwell, a
playwright who also happened to be Dryden's political opposite. Several
of Shadwell's attacks were personally abusive, and Dryden's ultimate response
to Shadwell, whom Dryden believed was not only his social inferior but a writer
without true talent, was Mac Flecknoe.
Because the poem is a mock-epic, its language and subject
must be lofty and mimic the conventions of epic poetry, but its subject is
essentially trivial. The loftier the diction and treatment of
the subject--in this case, Shadwell--the greater the satiric effect. The
two lines you quoted above are meant to establish the tone of an epic with a
seemingly profound statement about the brevity of human life, but these lines
only serve to set up the framework of Dryden's satire:
All humane things are subject to decay,
And, when Fate summons, Monarchs must obey:
This Fleckno found, who, like Augustus, young
Was call'd to Empire, and had govern'd long. . . . (ll. 1-4)
Richard Flecknoe was a poet and writer of travel literature,
but his verses, which are not terrible, evoked some laughter among other poets,
such as Andrew Marvell, and later, Dryden, when he used Flecknoe in his
mock-epic as the poetic father of Thomas Shadwell. The opening four lines
describe the death of Flecknoe and compare him to one of the greatest Roman
emperors, Augustus, a clear sign that what follows will not be flattering to
Shadwell, who is described a few lines later as
(ii) All
human things are subject to decay, And when Fate summons monarchs must obey.
This Fleckonoe found, who, like Augustus, young Was called to Empire and had
governed long;
2. Draw a
ccomparison between the Epithalamion and the Prothalamion as wedding songs.
Answer with suitable examples. 20
3. Who were
the Pre- Raphaelites and what were the characteristics of the movement?
Critically appreciate any one poem of this age/movement. 20
4. What
attitude to Nature does Coleridge express in the Ode to Dejection? In what ways
does this attitude differ from that of Wordsworth and from his own earlier
attitude? 20
5. What was
the Reformation? What relations can you identify and trace between the
Renaissance and the Reformation. 20
6. Philip
Larkin has been called an ‘uncommon poet of common man’. Would you agree?
Explain with suitable examples.
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MEG 01 Solved Assignment 2022-23 Those students who had successfully submitted their Assignments to
their allocated study centres can now check their Assignment Status. Along with
assignment status, they can also checkout their assignment marks &
result. MEG 01 Solved Assignment 2022-23 All this is available
in an online mode. After submitting the assignment, you can check you IGNOU
Assignment Status only after 3-4 weeks. It might take 40 days to declare.
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